Postsynaptic Targeting and Mobility of Membrane Surface-Localized hASIC1a / 神经科学通报·英文版

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), the main H

Effect of propofol and operative trauma on neurodevelopment and cognitive function of developing brain in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of propofol and operative trauma on the neurodevelopment and cognitive function of the developing brain and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 104 postnatal day 13 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (treated by 7.5 mL/kg saline and sham surgery), propofol group (treated by 75 mg/kg propofol), surgery group (with abdominal surgery under local anesthesia) and propofol+surgery group (with abdominal surgery under local anesthesia plus 75 mg/kg propofol anesthesia). Thirteen rats from each group were randomly selected for detecting the content of TNF-α in the hippocampus and the expression levels of caspase-3 and c-fos in the brain. Morris Water Maze test was used to detect the cognitive ability of the other rats at 60 days old, after which TNF-α content in the hippocampus and caspase-3 and c-fos expressions in the brain were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 13 day-old rats, TNF-α level and caspase-3 and c-fos expressions differed significantly between the surgery group and the other 3 groups (P<0.05) and were similar among the control group, propofol group and propofol+surgery group (P>0.05). In 60-day-old rats, Morris water maze test results, TNF-α level or expressions of caspase-3 and c-fos showed no significant differences among the 4 groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Abdominal surgery can induce inflammation in the hippocampus and neuroapoptosis in neonatal rats rather than adult rats. Single-dose propofol anesthesia does not significantly affect neurodevelopment of young rats, and can relieve central inflammatory reaction induced by surgical trauma.</p>

Onyx embolization for treatment of dural arteriovenous fistula: comparison of long- distance versus routine injection method / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy, clinical characteristics, safety, injection time and radiation exposure of Onyx embolization using a long-distance injection method and routine injection method for management of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 59 patients with DAVF treated with Onyx embolization using long-distance injection method (28 patients) and routine injection method (31 patients). The efficacy, safety, injection time and radiation exposure during Onyx embolization were compared between the two injections methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average radiation dose exposure to the surgeon per procedure was significantly lower in the long-distance injection group than in the routine group. The injection time (P=0.53), injection volume (P=0.78), number of supply arteries (P=0.80), Cognard types (P=0.67), and effect of embolization (P=0.88) were all similar between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endovaseular treatment of intracranial DAVF with Onyx embolization using the long-distance injection method is feasible, safe and effective and can reduce the radiation exposure to the surgeon.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnosis and treatment strategy of multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed 96 patients with MIA (234 aneurysms). The rupture site was determined on the basis of computed tomographic and angiographic findings, and the supposed ruptured aneurysm was treated with coiling OR clipping. All the patients' records were reviewed including all computed tomographic scans and angiograms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twelve patients received conservative treatment, 56 patients were treated by endovascular embolization, and 28 patients received clipping; 44 patients received one-stage treatment, and 4 patients needed a second therapy. In 36 patients, only the ruptured aneurysm was eliminated. The clinical outcomes of these 84 patients evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale grades were: absence of deficits in 62 patients, minor deficits in 12 patients, major deficit in 8 patients; death occurred in 2 cases. Thirty patients were available for a 6-month follow-up with DSA, which revealed stable occlusion of the aneurysms in 29 patients and the need of a retreatment due to recanalization in only one patient.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Correct localization of the rupture aneurysm based on a comprehensive diagnosis is key to MIA treatment. All the aneurysms should be treated in one session whenever possible to protect the patient from rebleeding.</p>

Purification and characterization of a low-temperature hydroxylamine oxidase from heterotrophic nitrifier Acinetobacter sp. Y16 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To purify a low-temperature hydroxylamine oxidase (HAO) from a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Acinetobacter sp. Y16 and investigate the enzyme property.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A HAO was purified by an anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography from strain Y16. The purity and molecular mass were determined by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE. The HAO activity was detected by monitoring the reduction of potassium ferricyanide using hydroxylamine as substrate and ferricyanide as electron acceptor. The partial amino acid sequence was determined by mass spectrometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The low-temperature HAO with a molecular mass of 61 kDa was purified from strain Y16 by an anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. The enzyme exhibited an ability to oxidize hydroxylamine in wide temperature range (4-40 °C) in vitro using hydroxylamine as substrate and ferricyanide as electron acceptor. It was stable in the temperature range of 4 to 15 °C and pH range of 6.0 to 8.5 with less than 30% change in its activity. The optimal temperature and pH were 15 °C and 7.5, respectively. Three peptides were determined by mass spectrometry which were shown to be not identical to other reported HAOs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This is the first study to purify a low-temperature HAO from a heterotrophic nitrifier Acinetobacter sp. It differs from other reported HAOs in molecular mass and enzyme properties. The findings of the present study have suggested that the strain Y16 passes through a hydroxylamine-oxidizing process catalyzed by a low-temperature HAO for ammonium removal.</p>

Effect of noise on the auditory system and the intelligence development of premature infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>High noise levels (>70 dB) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are common in some primary hospitals. This study aimed to investigate the noise in the NICU on auditory system and intelligence development in premature infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome who needed mechanical ventilation therapy were randomly divided into observation and control groups according to the use of earmuffs. The duration of mechanical ventilation therapy lasted for 2 to 15 days in the two groups. After weaning from mechanical ventilator, the auditory brainstem response, cranial B-ultrasonography, and the intelligence development assessment were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentage of total (23% vs 47%) and mild hearing loss (15% vs 35%) in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05) 2 to 3 days after weaning from mechanical ventilator. The incidence of periventricular hemorrhage intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) or periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (21% vs 42%; p<0.05). The intelligence development assessment performed in the first 6 and 12 months of life showed that the mental development index and the psychomotor development index in the observation group were much higher than those in the control group (p<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The noise in the NICU can result in mild hearing loss and retardation of intelligence development and increase the incidence of PVH-IVH and PVL in premature infants. The use of earmuff may reduce the adverse events.</p>

Third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus: findings in radioisotope cisternography / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the findings in radionuclide cisternography in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus following third ventriculostomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Lumbar radionuclide cisternography was performed in 15 patients with obstructive hydro- cephalus before and after third ventriculostomy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The postoperative cisternography identified radiopharmaceutical reflux into the lateral cerebral ventricles with delayed clearance for 24 h, similar to the findings by cisternography of communicating hydrocephalus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cause of ventricular radiopharmaceutical reflux is not yet understood, possibly in association with the reversal of normal cerebrospinal fluid flow though the fenestration on the third ventrical floor.</p>